Parkinson's disease is caused by a loss of nerve cells in part of the brain called the substantia nigra. This leads to a reduction in a chemical called dopamine in the brain.
Dopamine plays a vital role in regulating the movement of the body. A reduction in dopamine is responsible for many of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
The 3 main symptoms of Parkinson's disease are: involuntary shaking of particular parts of the body (tremor), slow movement, stiff and inflexible muscles.
A 2008 study in Canada had proved the effectiveness of omega-3 fats in preventing Parkinson’s. Researchers in the study gave one group of mice omega-3 supplementation for 10 months and kept one group of mice as a control before injecting them with a chemical that would cause Parkinson's.
The control group experienced a steep decline in dopamine levels, while the group that received omega-3 supplementation experienced no decline in dopamine levels and exhibited no signs of Parkinson’s.
Reference:
Bousquet, M., Calon, F., & Cicchetti, F. (2011). Impact of omega-3 fatty acids in Parkinson's disease. Ageing research reviews, 10(4), 453-463.